1542

Crusade battles in Ethiopia.

Year 1542 (MDXLII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events of 1542

January - June

• War resumes between Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. This time Henry VIII of England is allied to the Emperor, while James V of Scotland and Sultan Suleiman I are allied to the French.
• February 2 - Ethiopia: Portuguese under Christovão da Gama capture a Moslem-occupied hillfort in northern Ethiopia in the Battle of Baçente.
• February 13 - Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England, is executed for adultery.
• February 14 - Guadalajara, Mexico, is founded by the Spaniards after 3 previous attempts failed, due to aggressive opposition from local tribes.
• April 4-16 - Ethiopia: The Portuguese under Christovão da Gama encounter the army of Imam Ahmad Gragn in the Battle of Jarte, and inflict upon the Imam two successive defeats.

July - December

• August - Battle of the Hill of the Jews: During the rainy season, Christovão da Gama captures a strategic position and many badly-needed horses.
• August 24 - Battle of Haddon Rig, Scotland beats England
• August 27 - Advice and citizenry of Hildesheim (Germany) profess themselves to the lutherischen teachings. As a pledge owner the city Hildesheim provides for the execution of the reformation in city and office Peine. The priests from the localities Clauen, Hohenhameln, Sossmar, Schmedenstedt, Lengede and Rosenthal resume their office for priest in the sense of the reformation.
• August 28 - Ethiopia: Reinforced with at least 600 arquebusiers and cavalry, Imam Ahmad Gragn attacks the Portuguese camp in the Battle of Wofla. The Portuguese are scattered; Christovão da Gama is captured and executed.
• September 28 - Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo landed in what is now San Diego Bay and named it "San Miguel", which will later become San Diego
• November 24 - Battle of Solway Moss. An English army invades Scotland and defeats a Scottish army.
• December 14 - Queen Mary I of Scotland (Mary Queen of Scots) becomes queen at the age of only one week.

Undated

• The first contact of Japan with the West occurs when a Portuguese ship, blown off its course to China, lands in Japan.
• Pope Paul III establishes the Holy Office with jurisdiction over the Roman Inquisition.

Births

• March 19 - Jan Zamoyski, Polish nobleman (died 1605)
• June 6 - Richard Grenville, Elizabethan soldier and explorer (died 1591)
• June 24 - St. John of the Cross, Spanish Carmelite friar and poet (died 1591)
• October 4 - Robert Bellarmine, Italian saint (d. 1621)
• October 15 - Akbar, Jellaladin Mahommed, Mughal Emperor (died 1605)
• December 8 - Queen Mary I of Scotland (died 1587)
• date unknown
  • Toda Kazuaki, samurai in the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu (died 1604)
  • John Speed, historian (died 1629)
  • Horio Yoshiharu, Japanese daimyo (died 1611)
  • Kuki Yoshitaka, Japanese naval commander (died 1600)

See also Category: 1542 births.

Deaths

• February - Nikolaus Federmann, German adventurer in Venezuela and Colombia (born 1501)
• February 1 - Girolamo Aleandro, Italian cardinal (born 1480)
• February 13 - Catherine Howard, fifth wife of Henry VIII of England (executed) (born c1522)
• March 3 - Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle, illegitimate son of King Edward IV of England
• May 21 - Hernando de Soto, Spanish explorer, navigator and conquistador (born c1500)
• June 19 - Leo Jud, Swiss reformer (born 1482)
• July 15 - Lisa del Giocondo, believed to be the subject of the Mona Lisa
• August 24 - Gasparo Contarini, Italian diplomat and cardinal (born 1483)
• August 29 - Cristovão da Gama, Portuguese soldier (born c.1516)
• September 21 - Juan Boscán Almogáver, Spanish poet (born c1490)
• October 6 - Thomas Wyatt, English poet and diplomat (born 1503)
• December 14 - King James V of Scotland (born 1512)
• date unknown
  • Dosso Dossi, Italian painter (born 1490)
  • Lucas Fernández, Spanish dramatist and musician (born c1474)
  • Lapu-Lapu, Filipino warrior (born 1491)

See also Category: 1542 deaths.

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